汽车检测与维修（李嘉泽）

汽车结构复杂，类型繁多，目前世界各国生产的商业化汽车，虽然各个组成系统或部件的结构形式不同，但功能要求相同。本书通过对汽车实例进行分析阐述，使读者较为深入地掌握汽车结构的一般规律，以期取得举一反三、触类旁通的效果。在讨论整车及其各组成系统或部件时，都特别注意阐述整体功能要求，以及各组成部件之间结构和功能上的有机联系。在介绍各种不同结构形式时，首先通过一种比较常见的具有代表性的典型实例，说明在一般使用条件下满足主要功能要求而采取的一般结构措施，然后介绍某些特定条件下需要发展而来的某些形式的结构与功能特点。
本书力求做到文字准确、简练、流畅、符合规范要求，插图正确，文图配合恰当，内容阐述循序渐进，富有启发性，并便于自学。
本书以工作过程为导向，采用项目驱动的教学方式，组织内容具有以下特点：
（1）本书描述了相关内容的重要知识点和相关的操作步骤。
（2）本书内容覆盖面较广，每个项目中的各个工作任务来源于企业的典型案例。
（3）本书部分实训项目资料源于维修手册，针对性强，侧重于培养学生的实战操作能力。
（4）本书是以技能培养为目标，围绕开发项目所用到的知识点进行讲解，对某些知识点附上的相关例题，以帮助读者理解，进而将知识转变为技能。
本书由天津交通职业学院李嘉泽主编，于晓喜、刘新宇、方斌副主编，何泽刚、杜雪参编。
通过各项目的学习和训练，学生不仅能够掌握汽车检测与维修相关知识，而且能掌握汽车检测与维修方法。

编者



The structure of the automobile is complex. The automobile can be designed in various types. Today, for commercial vehicles produced in various countries in the world, although the structural forms of the systems or components are different, the functional requirements are basically the same. This book gives readers a deeper understanding of automobile structure through the analysis and elaboration of several examples. When introducing various structural forms, the authors firstly provide general examples which meet the functional requirements under normal use conditions, and then discuss the examples with specific structural forms which developed from basic forms. When discussing the whole vehicle and its various systems or components, the authors pay attention to the overall functional requirements and the relations with the structural forms. The authors strive to make this book very readable by the concise texts and the relevant illustrations from basic to complex.
This book takes the reader through the tasks essential to inspect and repair the systems of an automobile. Each project is carried out by adopting the task-driven teaching method. The necessary tasks are explained with clear step-by-step instructions. 
The features of the contents include the following aspects：
(1) Detailing the important knowledge points and operation steps of related content.
(2) Covering a wide range of projects and each task in the project comes from a real typical case.
(3) Focus on developing students’ handwork skills, therefore the training materials are based on the maintenance manual.
(4) Aiming at skill training and providing a number of examples related to the knowledge points to help readers understand.
This book is edited by Li Jiaze of Tianjin Transportation technical college, deputy editor of Yu Xiaoxi, Liu Xinyu and Fang bin, and co-edited by He Zegang and Du Xue.
By following the process of learning and training, readers can master not only the knowledge of vehicle inspection and maintenance but also the operation methods, and finally reach the level of advanced vehicle maintenance workers. This book proposes to take the integrated teaching mode which is teaching-learning-training.

Editor

本书共9个项目，主要内容包括整车认知、汽车基础保养、汽车发动机机械系统检修、汽车底盘机械系统检修、汽车电气系统故障诊断与排除、空调系统故障诊断与排除、汽车发动机电控系统故障诊断与排除、汽车底盘电控系统故障诊断与排除、汽车综合故障诊断与排除。每个项目由任务相关知识、任务实施等部分组成。
本书源于汽车维修企业的典型案例，在阐述基本知识的基础上，以典型汽车结构为例，图文并茂地讲解了检修操作步骤，并进行故障诊断与排除。
本书可作为职业院校师生的教材，也可供相关技术人员参考。

项目一整车认知1
任务一安全教育及工具使用1
任务二汽车构造与使用8

项目二汽车基础保养13
任务一汽车基本检查13
任务二汽车制动系统检查17

项目三汽车发动机机械系统检修22
任务一燃油供给系统检修22
任务二空气供给系统检修31
任务三冷却系统检修35
任务四润滑系统检修42

项目四汽车底盘机械系统检修48
任务一传动系统检修48
任务二行驶系统检修65
任务三转向系统检修77
任务四制动系统检修88

项目五汽车电气系统故障诊断与排除105
任务一供电系统故障诊断与排除105
任务二启动系统故障诊断与排除109
任务三全车灯光系统故障诊断与排除111
任务四车身电气系统故障诊断与排除113
任务五电气系统综合故障诊断与排除116

项目六空调系统故障诊断与修复118
任务制冷剂更换118

项目七发动机电控系统故障诊断与排除128
任务一发动机传感器故障诊断与排除128
任务二发动机点火系统故障诊断与排除136
任务三发动机燃油系统故障诊断与排除138
任务四无钥匙进入及一键启动系统故障诊断与排除140

项目八汽车底盘电控系统故障诊断与排除142
任务一汽车防抱死制动系统故障诊断与排除142
任务二汽车安全气囊系统故障诊断与排除143
任务三电子驻车系统故障诊断与排除144

项目九汽车综合故障诊断与排除146
任务一发动机无法启动故障诊断与排除146
任务二发动机运转不良故障诊断与排除149

参考文献152




Project ⅠVehicle Cognition1
Task ⅠSafety Education and Tool Usage1
Task ⅡAutomobile Structure and Use9

Project ⅡAutomobile Foundation Maintenance15
Task ⅠBasic Vehicle Inspection15
Task ⅡCar Brake System Inspection20

Project ⅢAutomobile Engine Mechanical System Maintenance26
Task ⅠFuel Supply System Maintenance26
Task ⅡAir Supply System Maintenance38
Task ⅢCooling System Maintenance44
Task ⅣLubrication System Maintenance53

Project ⅣMaintenance of Automobile Chassis Mechanical System60
Task ⅠTransmission System Maintenance60
Task ⅡDriving System Maintenance82
Task ⅢSteering System Maintenance96
Task ⅣBraking System Maintenance109

Project ⅤThe Fault Diagnosis and Elimination of Automobile Electrical System130
Task ⅠFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Power Supply System130
Task ⅡFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Start-up System135
Task ⅢFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Lighting System of Whole-car138
Task ⅣFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Body electrical system140
Task ⅤThe Fault Diagnosis and Elimination of electrical systems144

Project ⅥFault Diagnosis and Repair of Air-conditioning System147
Task Refrigerants Replacement147

Project ⅦFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Engine Electronic Control System160
Task ⅠEngine Sensor Fault Diagnosis and Elimination160
Task ⅡFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Engine Ignition System 170
Task ⅢFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Engine Fuel System 172
Task ⅣFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Keyless Entry and One-Button Starting System175

Project ⅧFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Electronic Control System for Vehicle Chassis177
Task ⅠFault Diagnosis and Elimination of ABS177
Task ⅡFault Diagnosis and Elimination of SRS178
Task ⅢFault Diagnosis and Elimination of EPB180

Project ⅨComprehensive Fault Diagnosis and Elimination of Automobile181
Task ⅠFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Engine Failure to Start181
Task ⅡFault Diagnosis and Elimination of Engine Malfunctioning184